Device for regulating the size of the combustion chamber in combustion motors



July 28, 1931. O 5 D }1I,8l6,402

DEVICE FOR REGULATIbiG THE SIZE OF TH OMBUSTIO OMBU CHAMBER IN G STION MOTO Filed July 12, 1928 Patent ed July 28, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OTTO SEVERIN RUUD, OF OSLO, NORWAY nnvrcn r03 REGULATING THE srzn on THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER IN comnus'rron MOTORS Application filed July 12, 1928, Serial No. 292,181, and in Germany February 27, 1928.

In combustion motors having adjustable size of the combustion chamber it is proposed to adjust by means of wedges the size by an adjusting piston movable axially to the driving piston in the motor. v

In such devices it has been difiicult in motors having a plurality of cylinders to adjust the combustion chambers owing to. the.

- fact that the pressure of the combustion does Trials have demonstrated that it is superfluous to arrange a special adjustment of each cylinder and that it is advantageous to connect the several bottom pistons to each other so that they are arranged to be adjusted simultaneously. Such adjustment is much more quiet and noiselessthan in other systems.

According to a preferred construction the bottom pistons are placed eccentrically to the combustion cylinders so that a very suitable feeding arrangement of the fuel is obtained.

Levers are also arranged to transfer the pressure of the spring to the bottom pistons so that a certain multiplication of the pressure is obtained.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is partly an elevation and partly a section of a part of the head of a combustion motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view upon the line IIIIII, Fig. 2.

In the drawings 1 designates a combustion cylinder with piston 2. 3 designates the head of the motor casing and 4 the inlet channel for the fuel. Bottom cylinders 5 with bottom pistons 6 are placed alongside of the combustion chambers in the head. The bottom pistons are each provided with a recess 7 above a fuel channel controlled by a valve 8. In the lower position of the piston the valve only has a limited gas inlet chamber sutficient to a reduced'operation of the motor and the valve in lifted position of the piston, allows a free inlet of the gas. The piston 6 is pivoted to the piston rod 9 by means of a pivot 10. The piston rod 9 is in turn by means of the pivot 11 connected to the crank 12 of the shaft 13. The shaft 13 is supported by bearings 14. Two of the cranks are provided with projections 15 having a spherical recess in which a link 16 is supported. The upper part of they link is supported in a cup 17 which is acted upon by a spring 18. The spring 18 is ke t in place by a holder 19. The complete evice is enclosed in a cap 20 secured to the cover by wingscrews 21. 22 designates the sparking plugs which are placed in the front of the lifted part of the head.

If the power of the motor is increased the combustion pressure is increased almost simultaneously for all cylinders. Owing to this fact the spring pressure is overcome and consequently the bottom-piston 6 is lifted and the crankshaft 13 turned. As the pressure of the spring has a greater momentum arm than the piston pressure a comparatively weak spring will sufiice to cause the necessary bottom piston pressure. The spring pressure is proportionate to the adjustment of the bottom piston.

The increase of the compres.-.

sion chambers for the next compression consequently will correspond to the combustion pressure. When the yielding is reduced the bottom piston again is returned by means of the spring 18 to their original'positions.

It will be understood that the shown construction is only an example and that the details maybe varied in several manners without departing from the scope of invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims:

1. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, wherein the capacities of the compression chambers are variable by meansof cylinder head pistons, the combination with ,means positively connecting together all the cylinder head pistons so as to cause them to depending on the total sum of pressures in .engine, wherein the capacities of the compression chambers are variable by means of cylinder-head pistons, the combination with means positively connecting together all the cylinder head pistons so as to cause them to move up and down as a whole of a spring device constantly acting upon said means to tend to push all pistons inwards and adapted,

under the influence of the total sum of pressures in all cylinders, to yield to a degree depending upon the value of the said sum.

3. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, wherein the capacities of the compression chambers are variable by means of means positively connecting together all the cylinder head pistons so as to cause them to move up and down as a whole, of a freely yielding spring device constantly acting upon said means to tend to push all pistons inwards and adapted, under the influence of the total sum of pressures in all cylinders, to yield to a degree depending upon the value of the said sum.

4. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, wherein the capacities of the compression chambers are variable by means of cylinder head pistons, the combination with said pistons of a common shaft, cranks rigidly connected with the shaft and adapted to exert inwardly directed pressure upon each piston and a spring device tending to rotate said crank shaft yieldingly in a direction so as to push all pistons inwardly to a degree all cylinders.

5. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, wherein the capacities of the compression chambers are variable by means of cylinder head pistons, the combination with said pistons of a common shaft, cranks rigidly connected with the shaft and adapted to exert inwardly directed pressure upon each piston, a common leaf spring coacting with the cranks, links provided with spring supporting parts and acting to transfer the spring pressure to the pistons, whereby the whole system of spring loading members is adapted, under the influence of the total sum of pressures in all cylinders, to yield to a degree depending upon the value of the said sum, the said links being arranged at a greater distance from the crank shaft than the distance from the latter to the pivots of the piston rods.

6. In a multi-cylinder internal combustion cylinder head pistons, the combination with the adjustable cylinder head pistons of a common shaft, cranks on the shaft, piston rods connecting the said shafts to the said pistons, means for transferring a resilient pressure to the said cranks so as to push said pistons resiliently inwards and so as to allow all pistons, under the influence of the total sum of pressures in all cylinders, to yield inwardly to a degree depending upon the value of the said sum, driving pistons being arranged ec'centrically to the axis of the cylinder head pistons, inlet valves arranged below the cylinder head pistons, and means for transferring fuel gases to the compression chambers enclosed between the driving pistons and the cylinder head pistons.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

OTTO SEVERIN RUUD.

7 cylinder head pistons, the combination with 

